At their core, anxiety disorders are defined by excessive fear and pervasive avoidance of people, places, and other situations, which persists for many months, and leads to significant impairment in relationships and at school/work.

Treatment will involve learning skills to gradually overcome feared situations.

At their core, these disorders are defined by sad and/or irritable mood, or deficits in the ability to pursue or experience pleasant events (i.e., anhedonia), accompanied by somatic and cognitive difficulties, leading to significant impairment in relationships and at school/work.

Treatment will involve learning skills to interrupt patterns of thoughts and behaviors that maintain depression symptoms.

Some individuals consider (i.e, ideation) or engage in self-harm. Self-harm without the intention to end one’s life is called nonsuicidal self-injury and self-harm with the intention to end one’s life is called suicidal self-injury. Self-injury is common in many disorders, and many individuals report it reduces emotional suffering

Treatment will involve learning more skillful ways to reduce emotional suffering.